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<div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 标号</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="statements.html#.E6.A0.87.E5.8F.B7" title="c/language/statements"><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-spar">label</span> : <span class="t-spar">statement</span></span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 表达式语句</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="statements.html#.E8.A1.A8.E8.BE.BE.E5.BC.8F.E8.AF.AD.E5.8F.A5" title="c/language/statements"><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-spar">expression</span> ;</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 复合语句</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="statements.html#.E5.A4.8D.E5.90.88.E8.AF.AD.E5.8F.A5" title="c/language/statements"><span class="t-lines"><span>{ <span class="t-spar">statement</span>... }</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 选择语句</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="if.html" title="c/language/if"><span class="t-lines"><span>if</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="switch.html" title="c/language/switch"><span class="t-lines"><span>switch</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 迭代语句</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="while.html" title="c/language/while"><span class="t-lines"><span>while</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="do.html" title="c/language/do"><span class="t-lines"><span>do-while</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><strong class="selflink"><span class="t-lines"><span>for</span></span></strong></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 跳转语句</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="break.html" title="c/language/break"><span class="t-lines"><span>break</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="continue.html" title="c/language/continue"><span class="t-lines"><span>continue</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="return.html" title="c/language/return"><span class="t-lines"><span>return</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="goto.html" title="c/language/goto"><span class="t-lines"><span>goto</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div>
</div><div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div></div>
<p>执行循环。
</p><p>用作 <a href="while.html" title="c/language/while">while 循环</a>的简短等价版本。
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.AF.AD.E6.B3.95">语法</span></h3>
<table class="t-sdsc-begin">

<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad"> <code><b>for (</b></code> <span class="t-spar">初始化子句</span> <code><b>;</b></code> <span class="t-spar">条件表达式</span> <code><b>;</b></code> <span class="t-spar">迭代表达式</span> <code><b>)</b></code> <span class="t-spar">循环语句</span>
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr></table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.A7.A3.E9.87.8A">解释</span></h3>
<p>表现如下：
</p>
<ul><li> <span class="t-spar">初始化子句</span> 可以为表达式或声明
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 若它是表达式，则在首次求值 <span class="t-spar">条件表达式</span> 前将它求值一次，并舍弃其结果。
</li><li> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span>若它是声明，则它在整个循环体内都处于作用域内，包括 <span class="t-spar">初始化子句</span> 的剩余部分、整个<span class="t-spar">条件表达式</span>、整个 <span class="t-spar">迭代表达式</span> 及整个<span class="t-spar">循环语句</span>。声明于此声明的变量只允许有 <code>auto</code> 和 <code>register</code> <a href="storage_duration.html" title="c/language/storage duration">存储类</a>。
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<ul><li> <span class="t-spar">条件表达式</span> 在循环体前求值。若表达式的结果是零，则循环立即退出。
</li><li> <span class="t-spar">迭代表达式</span> 在循环体后求值，并舍弃其结果。求值 <span class="t-spar">迭代表达式</span> 后，将控制转移到 <span class="t-spar">条件表达式</span>。
</li></ul>
<p><span class="t-spar">初始化子句</span> 、 <span class="t-spar">条件表达式</span> 和 <span class="t-spar">迭代表达式</span> 都是可选的：
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><span class="kw1">for</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy4">;;</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
   <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"endless loop!"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p><span class="t-spar">循环语句</span> 不是可选的，但它可以是空语句：
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><span class="kw1">for</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">int</span> n <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">0</span><span class="sy4">;</span> n <span class="sy1">&lt;</span> <span class="nu0">10</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="sy2">++</span>n, <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"%d<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, n<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span>
    <span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 空语句</span></pre></div></div>
<p>若需要在某些点终止循环的执行，则可在 <span class="t-spar">循环语句</span> 中的任何位置使用 <a href="break.html" title="c/language/break">break 语句</a>。
</p><p><span class="t-spar">循环语句</span> 内任何位置使用的 <a href="continue.html" title="c/language/continue">continue 语句</a>会将控制转移到<span class="t-spar">迭代表达式</span>。
</p><p>若无限循环在其 <span class="t-spar">条件表达式</span> 、 <span class="t-spar">迭代表达式</span> 或 <span class="t-spar">循环语句</span> 的任何部分无可观测行为（ I/O 、 volatile 访问、原子或同步操作），则拥有这种循环的程序有未定义行为。这允许编译器优化掉整个不可观测循环，而无需证明他们会结束。仅有的例外是 <span class="t-spar">条件表达式</span> 被忽略或为常量表达式的循环： <code>for(;;)</code> 始终是无限循环。
</p>
 <table class="t-rev-begin">
<tr class="t-rev t-since-c99"><td>
<p>同所有选择和迭代语句， for 语句建立<a href="scope.html" title="c/language/scope">块作用域</a>：任何于 <span class="t-spar">初始化子句</span> 、 <span class="t-spar">条件表达式</span> 或 <span class="t-spar">迭代表达式</span> 中引入的标识符在 <span class="t-spar">循环语句</span> 后离开作用域。
</p>
</td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99 起)</span></td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.85.B3.E9.94.AE.E8.AF.8D">关键词</span></h3>
<p><a href="../keyword/for.html" title="c/keyword/for"><tt>for</tt></a>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.B3.A8.E8.A7.A3">注解</span></h3>
<p>用作 <span class="t-spar">循环语句</span> 的表达式语句建立其自身的，异于 <span class="t-spar">初始化子句</span> 作用域的块作用域，不同于 C++ 中：
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">int</span> i <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">0</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
    <span class="kw4">long</span> i <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">1</span><span class="sy4">;</span>   <span class="co1">// C 中合法， C++ 中非法</span>
    <span class="co1">// ...</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p>可以用 <a href="goto.html" title="c/language/goto">goto</a> 进入循环体，以此方式进入循环时，不执行 <span class="t-spar">初始化子句</span> 和 <span class="t-spar">条件表达式</span> 。（若控制抵达循环体尾，则可能出现包括执行 <span class="t-spar">条件表达式</span> 的重复。）
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
<div class="t-example"><div class="t-example-live-link"><div class="coliru-btn coliru-btn-run-init">运行此代码</div></div>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;</span>
<span class="kw2">enum</span> <span class="br0">{</span> SIZE <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">8</span> <span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
    <span class="kw4">int</span> array<span class="br0">[</span>SIZE<span class="br0">]</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <span class="kw1">for</span><span class="br0">(</span><a href="../types/size_t.html"><span class="kw100">size_t</span></a> i <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">0</span> <span class="sy4">;</span> i <span class="sy1">&lt;</span> SIZE<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="sy2">++</span>i<span class="br0">)</span>
        array <span class="br0">[</span>i<span class="br0">]</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> <a href="../numeric/random/rand.html"><span class="kw741">rand</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy2">%</span> <span class="nu0">2</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"Array filled!<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span><a href="../types/size_t.html"><span class="kw100">size_t</span></a> i <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">0</span><span class="sy4">;</span> i <span class="sy1">&lt;</span> SIZE<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="sy2">++</span>i<span class="br0">)</span>
        <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"%d "</span>, array<span class="br0">[</span>i<span class="br0">]</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p>可能的输出：
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="text source-text"><pre class="de1">Array filled!
1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0</pre></div></div> 
</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8">引用</span></h3>
<div class="t-ref-std-11">
<ul><li> C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 6.8.5.3 The for statement (p: 151)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-ref-std-c99">
<ul><li> C99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 6.8.5.3 The for statement (p: 136)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-ref-std-c89">
<ul><li> C89/C90 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1990): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 3.6.5.3 The for statement 
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

</table></div>
</div>

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